I run into the issue that the collation of my existing MS SQL 2012 Server wasn’t according to the pre-requisites of the SCCM 2012 SP1 Installation. So I had to Change the collation on the SQL Server to SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS, this is the syntax:

Setup.exe /QUIET /ACTION=REBUILDDATABASE /INSTANCENAME=InstanceName
/SQLSYSADMINACCOUNTS=accounts [/SAPWD= StrongPassword ] [ /SQLCOLLATION=CollationName]

In my example, I executed the following:

Setup.exe /QUIET /ACTION=REBUILDDATABASE /INSTANCENAME=MSSQLSERVER
/SQLSYSADMINACCOUNTS=Domain\Administrator
/SQLCOLLATION=SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS